Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV): India Reports First Cases and Issues Guidelines
India reports its first five cases of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV), prompting precautionary measures in Karnataka, Maharashtra, and Delhi to prevent its spread.
Sudip Basnet 
India has confirmed its first five cases of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV), a globally recognized respiratory virus. The Union health ministry announced these cases on Monday, January 6, 2025, prompting authorities in Karnataka, Maharashtra, and Delhi to issue precautionary guidelines resembling those followed during the Covid-19 pandemic.
What is HMPV?
Discovered in 2001, HMPV is a respiratory virus that causes flu-like symptoms such as fever, cough, and nasal congestion. It primarily affects:
- Children under five years old
- Older adults
- People with weakened immune systems
Though HMPV is not new, it recently garnered global attention following an outbreak in China, raising concerns about its spread.
Details of India’s First Cases
The five reported cases in India include:
- A three-month-old baby in Bengaluru, who has been discharged after treatment.
- An eight-month-old infant in Bengaluru, who is currently receiving treatment at a hospital.
- A two-month-old baby in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, who tested positive for the virus.
- One case in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
- One case in Salem, Tamil Nadu.
None of these individuals or their families have recent travel histories, indicating local transmission.
Government’s Response
To prevent the spread of HMPV, health authorities in Karnataka, Maharashtra, and Delhi have introduced proactive measures. These include:
- Enhanced surveillance and monitoring systems.
- Public health guidelines akin to those enforced during the Covid-19 pandemic.
- Educational campaigns to raise awareness about preventive measures, including hygiene and respiratory precautions.
The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) is closely tracking the virus’s circulation and trends across the country.
How to Stay Protected Against HMPV
Health experts recommend the following to reduce the risk of HMPV:
- Frequent handwashing with soap and water.
- Avoiding close contact with individuals showing respiratory symptoms.
- Maintaining proper cough etiquette, such as using tissues or elbows to cover sneezes and coughs.
- Ensuring children and the elderly are up-to-date with general vaccinations and health check-ups.
While HMPV is not as severe as some other respiratory viruses, its impact on vulnerable populations—especially infants and older adults—demands vigilance. India’s proactive measures aim to mitigate the virus’s spread and ensure healthcare systems remain prepared.
With five cases already confirmed, India joins the global fight against Human Metapneumovirus. Continued surveillance, public cooperation, and adherence to preventive measures will be crucial in managing this emerging health challenge.
